My Taft Corners

Evolving Zoning to Address Growth and Change in Williston's Center

First, some history:

85 years ago, Taft Corners was a rural crossroads.

Change came to Williston when the construction of I-89 through began in 1962, connecting the rest of Vermont to Taft Corners.

Shopping opportunities expanded out from downtown Burlington to big box stores.

As apartment living and offices of all types anchored themselves at this formerly rural intersection, the people of the town struggled with what it means to have a suburban center in their midst.

Where We Are Today

Finney Crossing Apartments at Holland Ln & Seymour St intersection

Despite these major strides (and many, many years of visioning, dreaming, and planning), what has been built has fallen short of community expectations. The area remains more strongly vehicle rather than pedestrian oriented, and less of a “downtown” than envisioned, with most buildings and sites in commercial or residential use, but not both as the true “mixed use” vision would be.

Maple Tree Place Parking Lot

Getting Started

In 2020, the Town set out to write a Form-Based Code that would be integrated into the existing Unified Development Bylaw, ensuring that streets and buildings constructed in the future contribute to diverse, interesting, walkable streetscapes in the Growth Center.

 Image: Sept 25, 2020. Bonnie Woodford, Matt Boulanger, Taylor Newton (CCRPC), Melinda Scott, and Emily Heymann (photographer) on a site visit of Taft Corners.  

Town Plan Goal

"3.1.5 Consider Developing and Adopting a Form Based Code." The Planning Commission identified this work item as a top priority to complete before the end of the current iteration of the Town Plan.

January 2020

The Selectboard requests more information from the Planning Director about Form-Based Code and authorizes an additional $100,000 (over two years) to fund the study. This funding served as a UPWP match for CCRPC assistance.

Summer 2020

The Chittenden County Regional Planning Commission (CCRPC), on behalf of the Town of Williston, requested proposals (RFP) for consultant services.

Fall 2020

Geoff Ferrell Associates selected as the project consultant.

Community vision

More people participated in #mytaftcorners than the last two Town Plans

The project engaged the community in a collaborative process, despite a global pandemic, to envision how the buildings and streets that make up the town’s long-stated vision should really look, feel, and function and map out a path for the town to truly become what its people have been saying they want for the last 40 or more years.

December 15, 2020

Geoff Ferrell meet & greet with the Planning Commission

March 25, 2021

Kick Off Meeting 70 participants

March-April 2021

Surveys!

April 25, 2021

Hands-On Studio Workshop 36 participants

April 26-29, 2021

Daily studio updates 31 participants

May 3, 2021

"Work-in-Progress" final studio update with 63 participants

Visual Preference Survey

168 people responded and ranked their preferences of various streetscapes.

Map Survey

The map survey asked participants to place a marker on a specific location in Taft Corners that they liked or disliked and to make comments. 338 comments with 9,000 words were submitted!

Design Workshop

A hands-on public design session with 36 participants was held on April 24, 2021. Small groups of citizens led by a facillitator brainstormed and mapped out a vision for Taft Corners. This feedback became the backbone and rubric for the Vision Plan.

The Big Ideas that emerged from the hands-on public design session:

An Open Design Studio Week followed, where consultants, staff and stakeholders (developers, Committee/Board members, other town departments, VT AOT) met and discussed the project, and the consultant team developed an outline for the Vision Plan.

62 people attended the May 3, 2021"Work-in-Progress" Final Studio Update and gave feedback on the overall vision

The Vision Plan

was published after the May 3 "Work-in-Progress" community meeting and June/July meetings with the Planning Commission.

The Vision Plan will be implemented over the coming years and decades in a four-pronged approach:

  1. Form-Based Code: the main tool for ensuring the vision is achieved in the private realm as new development is proposed.
  2. Official Map: identifying future municipal needs for “road or recreational path rights-of-way” and “parkland"
  3. Capital Improvement Plan: preparing for infrastructure and community facilities
  4. Other studies: long-term planning for public parks, stormwater, wastewater

"An economic model for the future"

On July 27, 2021 the Selectboard endorsed the Vision Plan and directed the Planning Commission to begin work on drafting the Code. Image: This 3D rendering shows per-acre value of properties in Williston. The dark blue spikes are Finney Crossing apartment buildings.

Taft Corners Form Based Code

After the Vision Plan was published in July 2021, the Consultant Team got to work on the implementation of the Taft Corners Form Based Code.

September 2021

Geoff Ferrell visits Vermont! Site visits with Planning Commission to Taft Corners, Winooski, and South Burlington City Center.

October 2021

Planning Commission begins review of the Taft Corners Form-Based Code Version 1.0.

January 2022

After 7 consecutive meetings reviewing and revising the Draft code, the Planning Commission voted to warn a public hearing.

Feb-March 2022

Planning Commission held a public hearing over 3 meetings and 1 work session. On March 15, they voted 5-1 to transmit the Code to the Selectboard.

Two important themes that emerged through this project and were identified as highly desirable to the citizens include

  1. Green street spaces and parks as vital public places
  2. Creating a walkable pedestrian-oriented environment to encourage multimodal transportation

Swipe the images to see the future Trader Lane existing stub and as envisioned in the future under Form Based Code.

The Regulating Plan is the backbone of Form Based Code

The Regulating Plan, modeled on the Vision Plan, maps out a network of streets, blocks, and public open spaces, which are central to the new design of Taft Corners. Rather than developers deciding street and park lay out on a per-parcel basis, the Town (via the Regulating Plan and the Official Map) lays out a cohesive grid-street network for the entire Taft Corners.

The Regulating Plan was developed by Geoff Ferrell and his team of experts, taking into consideration constraints like State rights-of-way, VELCO transmission lines, topography and known wetlands, and more.

Official Map

Williston's Official Map is the companion to the Regulating Plan and includes existing and desired facilities throughout town.

What is an "Official Map"?

  • Identifies and maps the locations of existing and proposed public lands and facilities and the connections between them, including utility corridors, roads, sidewalks, and trail networks.
  • Reduces the risk of losing ideal sites to other development while ensuring that landowners are treated fairly.
  • Guides future physical form and design of development in areas where growth is planned.

The Form Based Code  Regulating Plan  and  Official Map  are the primary tools, working in concert with each other, that allow Williston to achieve its Vision. Official Map is a planning tool authorized by statute ( 24 V.S.A. § 4421 ) that allows Vermont municipalities to require planned public facilities including streets and bike paths, drainage ways, public buildings, and parks and green spaces to be accommodated by new development. An  excellent summary of the Official Map process  has been prepared by the Vermont Planning Information Center.

How was the Williston Official Map created?

Town Plan Goal

"continue to address all aspects of the movement of people and goods in Town via diverse modes of transportation." - 2016 Town Comprehensive Plan

August 2019

Planning Commission creates charge for an ad-hoc citizen committee

January 2020

With CCRPC assistance, the Mobility Projects Group gets to work on the Draft Official Map

Fall 2020

Draft Map published. Citizen Surveys created by CCRPC to get public feedback on the map.

April 2021

The Draft Map is revised based on citizen input and the Planning Commission accepts the Draft Official Map.

Today

Adoption of the Official Map is an element of the Form-Based Code package. It is the companion map to the Regulating Plan.

Parks and Greenspaces on Regulating Plan

In addition to required private open areas, wide sidewalks and treelawns along the streets (not pictured), the Regulating Plan lays out public parks and greens within no more than a 3-minute walk from anywhere in Taft Corners. These include civic greens and squares within the streets and blocks, and natural areas containing wetlands and wetland buffers.

Click on the numbered points to learn about some of the planned natural areas and civic greens included in the Regulating Plan.

To date, Taft Corners has no public green spaces.

Use the interactive map to explore the Regulating Plan, overlay district boundaries as it relates to existing zoning districts and buildings. Turn layer on/off, zoom in/out, or measure distances with the map tools.

What About the Streets?

VT 2A Existing Conditions

The current environment of Taft Corners is predominantly against pedestrians and bicyclists - indeed, once you step out of your automobile, the environment is hostile... The Vision Plan and Form Based Code call for a radical change from the current anti-pedestrian environment to a pro-pedestrian environment.

Street-Space focused on people is the organizing principle and foundation for the Taft Corners Form Based Code. The Vision Plan lays out an interconnected network of pedestrian-oriented, tree-lined streets with wide sidewalks and on-street parallel parking, lined with multi-story buildings that front and engage the street and sidewalk.

Swipe the images to see Wright Avenue (near CVS) as it exists today and as envisioned in the future under Form Based Code.

Section 5 Public Realm Standards

5.1 Intent These Public Realm Standards are designed to establish environments within Taft Corners that encourage and facilitate pedestrian and bicycle activity by creating streets and other parts of the public realm that are comfortable, efficient, safe, and interesting.

Although commonly thought of as just greens, squares or parks, the public realm includes the complete street space—the space between the building façades: the sidewalks, street trees, squares, greens, and the automobile lanes.

The street-space is a community’s first and foremost public space and should be just as carefully designed and planned as any green or civic building. The character of the street—both its scale and its details—plays a critical role in determining the quality of the place.

Streets within Taft Corners should not be thought of as “roads, highways, arterials, or collectors.” They should be developed to create people-oriented places balancing all transportation modes. Most streets in Taft Corners should be designed primarily for walkability and pedestrian comfort.

The primary streets running through Taft Corners includes one-way cycle tracks (separated/protected bike lanes) on both sides of the street.

The Form Based Code Streets Map includes a bicycle network (within the street/block network), where bicyclists would be completely separated from automobiles, and multi-use trails (outside the street/block network).

The Public Realm Standards regulate the street-space from the facade to the curb within Taft Corners. This includes:

  • Dooryards (see photo right)
  • Sidewalks
  • Street Trees and Treelawns
  • Greens
  • Street Furniture
  • Street Specifications

From Taft Corners Vision Plan

From Taft Corners Form Based Code, Section 5 - Public Realm Standards

Buildings and Sites

The Form Based Code Building Form Standards ensures that buildings are brought up to the street and less attractive elements, like parking, are hidden to the back of buildings away from the street. Compare the two images below: Maple Tree Place as it exists today (left) and as envisoned in the future (right). Infill mixed-use buildings face Rte 2A, walkable streets in Maple Tree Place, parking behind the buildings and in a new hidden parking structure. Vermont Route 2A (if under the Town's control as a Class Town Highway) can become a beautiful tree lined Boulevard.

Maple Tree Place today (left) turns its back to the street. Future Maple Tree Place (right) turns Rte 2A into a grand boulevard.

Transitional Neighborhood frontage examples

Architectural standards ensure that buildings look nice.

Examples of Architectural Standards for Building Walls

Next Steps

May 17, 2022

Selectboard/Planning Commission joint meeting to discuss Form Based Code elements of Building Form Standards, Architectural Standards, Parking, Functions, and Administration.

Beyond May 2022

Additional informational session if needed or public hearing on Form Based Code.

At a Future Public Hearing

Selectboard chooses to: adopt Form Based Code as drafted OR make changes to the Code that then get sent back to the Planning Commission for review OR request the Planning Commission continue to work on revising the Code.


Form-Based Code and Official Map are major evolutionary steps in Williston’s planning and zoning for Taft Corners. It's also part of a perpetual work-in-progress. Post adoption, the Form-Based Code and Official Map are living documents that can be modified like any other bylaw provision.

Four Final Thoughts- This and That

  1. This can plan that- Development pressure and change are inevitable in Williston and in Taft Corners. The Vision plan created by the town as part of this process articulates the people of Williston's desire to shape that energy into something positive for the town. The Form Based Code and Official Map as transmitted to the Selectboard is a true master plan and reflects the strongest possible set of tools that the Planning Commission, Staff and consultant team can offer to establish, enforce, and fulfill the town's vision.
  2. This can save that- Growing in Taft Corners helps the town preserve open space and natural areas everywhere else in Williston - the sprawl alternative can't.
  3. This can pay for that - the vitality and high property tax base that will be created in Taft Corners through Form Based Code will make the entire Town more economically resilient.
  4. This can achieve that- so many Town Plan goals are enhanced and achieved by planning for growth and change in Taft Corners. Williston can have a diverse, abundant, affordable housing stock, sustainable transportation options, a walkable, vibrant downtown, and more employment and recreation opportunities when Taft Corners is planned and zoned to achieve the town's vision in the face of coming growth and change.

Credits:

Storymap created by Williston Planning Staff with content and images from Williston Planning Department and Chittenden County Regional Planning Commission files and Geoff Ferrell Associates Vision Plan and draft Form Based Code.

VT 2A Existing Conditions

Maple Tree Place today (left) turns its back to the street. Future Maple Tree Place (right) turns Rte 2A into a grand boulevard.

Transitional Neighborhood frontage examples

Examples of Architectural Standards for Building Walls

Finney Crossing Apartments at Holland Ln & Seymour St intersection

Maple Tree Place Parking Lot